[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/druzice-dobry-pomocnik-nebo-budouci-nebezpeci\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/druzice-dobry-pomocnik-nebo-budouci-nebezpeci\/","headline":"Dru\u017eice, dobr\u00fd pomocn\u00edk nebo budouc\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed?","name":"Dru\u017eice, dobr\u00fd pomocn\u00edk nebo budouc\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed?","description":"Dru\u017eice jsou objekty, kter\u00e9 ob\u00edhaj\u00ed kolem planet a jin\u00fdch vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch t\u011bles. Dru\u017eice rozd\u011blujeme na p\u0159irozen\u00e9 (m\u011bs\u00edce) a um\u011bl\u00e9. Prvn\u00ed byl sov\u011btsk\u00fd Sputnik Prvn\u00ed um\u011blou dru\u017e\u00edc\u00ed byl Sputnik 1 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vynesen\u00fd na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu zem\u011b dne 4. \u0159\u00edjna 1957 Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem. Tato dru\u017eice byla pouze p\u0159edvojem skute\u010dn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 dru\u017eice a slou\u017eila p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k\u00a0testov\u00e1n\u00ed radiov\u00e9ho p\u0159enosu mezi...","datePublished":"2019-11-21","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2b882a21216b34ba28e79730eea9356b725e9a0bf9885ae3bedd792ae606fb10?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2b882a21216b34ba28e79730eea9356b725e9a0bf9885ae3bedd792ae606fb10?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"fileup.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361010_w3840_t1574521990.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361010_w3840_t1574521990.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/druzice-dobry-pomocnik-nebo-budouci-nebezpeci\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":497,"articleBody":"Dru\u017eice jsou objekty, kter\u00e9 ob\u00edhaj\u00ed kolem planet a jin\u00fdch vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch t\u011bles. Dru\u017eice rozd\u011blujeme na p\u0159irozen\u00e9 (m\u011bs\u00edce) a um\u011bl\u00e9.Prvn\u00ed byl sov\u011btsk\u00fd SputnikPrvn\u00ed um\u011blou dru\u017e\u00edc\u00ed byl Sputnik 1 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vynesen\u00fd na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu zem\u011b dne 4. \u0159\u00edjna 1957 Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem. Tato dru\u017eice byla pouze p\u0159edvojem skute\u010dn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 dru\u017eice a slou\u017eila p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k\u00a0testov\u00e1n\u00ed radiov\u00e9ho p\u0159enosu mezi dru\u017eic\u00ed a \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edm centrem. Obsahovala vys\u00edla\u010d, kter\u00fd t\u0159i t\u00fddny vys\u00edlal na frekvenc\u00edch 20,005 a 40,002 MHz p\u00edpav\u00fd sign\u00e1l. Tento vys\u00edla\u010d poprv\u00e9 umo\u017enil sledovat sm\u011br a zkreslen\u00ed sign\u00e1lu p\u0159i p\u0159enosu z\u00a0orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed dr\u00e1hy. Dok\u00e1zal tak testovat vlastnosti atmosf\u00e9ry a ionosf\u00e9ry. Sputnik 1 ob\u011bhl Zemi celkem 1 440 kr\u00e1t, ne\u017e sho\u0159el v\u00a0atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.Sou\u010dasnostDnes se v r\u00e1mci rozli\u010dn\u00fdch projekt\u016f vypou\u0161t\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu Zem\u011b p\u0159es sto um\u011bl\u00fdch dru\u017eic, v\u010detn\u011b vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch dalekohled\u016f. Ob\u011b\u017en\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt tak p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00edm um\u011bl\u00fdch kosmick\u00fdch t\u011bles, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vno nepln\u00ed svoji p\u016fvodn\u00ed funkci a hroz\u00ed, \u017ee bude doch\u00e1zet ke sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m. Proto v\u00a0r\u00e1mci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce vznik\u00e1 mnoho n\u00e1vrh\u016f, jak tuto situaci \u0159e\u0161it.Druhy dru\u017eicDru\u017eice se vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159edem ur\u010denou rychlost\u00ed a po dan\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky a sm\u011bru. Podle zp\u016fsobu vyu\u017eit\u00ed se dru\u017eice d\u011bl\u00ed na:\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Komunika\u010dn\u00ed dru\u017eice, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed k\u00a0cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b radiov\u00fdch p\u0159enos\u016f. Slou\u017e\u00ed tak k\u00a0p\u0159enosu televizn\u00edho sign\u00e1lu, \u00a0sign\u00e1lu mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f, internetu, ale tak\u00e9 k\u00a0p\u0159enosu sign\u00e1lu amat\u00e9rsk\u00e9 radiov\u00e9 slu\u017eby.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dru\u017eice pro d\u00e1lkov\u00fd pr\u016fzkum jsou dru\u017eice, kter\u00e9 se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed, ale i pro vojenskou \u010di civiln\u00ed \u0161pion\u00e1\u017e.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Naviga\u010dn\u00ed dru\u017eice jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na pro jejich vyu\u017eit\u00ed ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu naviga\u010dn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu vozidel. Vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed je ale i piloti k\u00a0p\u0159esn\u00e9mu ur\u010den\u00ed polohy letadel.\u010c\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed m\u00e1 dru\u017eice ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu, t\u00edm rychleji mus\u00ed ob\u00edhat Zemi. Jinak by toti\u017e do\u0161lo d\u00edky gravita\u010dn\u00edmu poli Zem\u011b k\u00a0jejich p\u00e1du. V\u011bt\u0161ina se pohybuje po n\u00edzk\u00fdch drah\u00e1ch ve v\u00fd\u0161ce okolo t\u0159i sta kilometr\u016f nad zem\u00ed. Lze je tak pozorovat b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm dalekohledem. V\u00fdjimkou jsou pol\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice ob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159es p\u00f3ly ve v\u00fd\u0161ce osm set pades\u00e1t kilometr\u016f a sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m ob\u011bhu jin\u00fd p\u00e1s povrchu Zem\u011b.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.7\/5 - (9 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Dru\u017eice, dobr\u00fd pomocn\u00edk nebo budouc\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed?","item":"https:\/\/www.fileup.cz\/druzice-dobry-pomocnik-nebo-budouci-nebezpeci\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]